Accounting fundamentals, TallyPrime vouchers, GST examples, inventory and reconciliation.
What you will cover
Accounting fundamentals
TallyPrime vouchers
GST examples
inventory
reconciliation
Topic list from the institute's programme record.
Certification
Certificate terms for this programme are confirmed by the institute at admission. Any ADIVAS course-completion certificate is an institute certificate; it is not a university degree, an externally accredited qualification or a vendor certification (such as AWS or Microsoft) unless the institute states so in writing.
Curriculum 0.1 · Draft: written for ADIVAS and awaiting academic review and approval. Topics and weeks may change before your batch starts.
Your skill trail
You move through 4 stations. Each week builds one skill you can show, not just a topic you have heard.
1
Accounting foundation
Understand double entry and set up a company with groups and ledgers.
Week 1 Accounting basics
Week 2 Company and ledger setup in TallyPrime
2
Vouchers and daily entries
Record everyday business transactions with the right voucher types.
Week 3 Payment, receipt, contra and journal vouchers
Week 4 Sales and purchase vouchers and outstanding bills
3
GST and inventory
Issue GST invoices and maintain stock for a trading business.
Week 5 GST in TallyPrime
Week 6 Inventory, godowns and stock reports
4
Reconciliation and reports
Reconcile the bank, check the books and produce reports for a month-end close.
Week 7 Bank reconciliation and vouchers review
Week 8 Financial reports and month-end capstone
★
Month-End Books for a Retail Trader
Your project, reviewed by a trainer.
The ADIVAS mastery ladder: how each skill is recognised
Explored You have seen the idea and tried a first example.
Practising You can do it with hints and keep improving.
Proficient You complete the weekly practical task correctly on your own.
Proven You apply it in a project reviewed by your trainer.
Skill-level tracking is being added to the learner workspace. Your trainer already reviews weekly practical work.
What you will be able to do
Explain the accounting equation and record transactions with correct debits and credits.
Create a company, ledgers and groups in TallyPrime with sensible naming.
Enter payment, receipt, contra, journal, sales and purchase vouchers accurately.
Prepare GST sales and purchase invoices, and read the GST summary and input credit position.
Maintain stock items, units and godowns and read stock summary reports.
Reconcile bank statements with the books and generate trial balance and basic financial reports.
Who it suits
School Commerce students in Classes 11-12 who want to see how classroom accounting works in real software.
College B.Com and other commerce students who need practical software skills alongside theory.
Professional Shop staff, small business owners and accounts assistants who want to move from notebooks or Excel to TallyPrime.
Prerequisites: Basic computer use. Prior accounting knowledge is helpful but not required. Tools: TallyPrime (educational mode or licence available in the lab), Windows computer, Sample company data and invoices supplied by the institute, Excel or LibreOffice Calc for exporting reports.
Weekly plan
Accounting foundation Weeks 1–2
Week 1: Accounting basics
Theory
Business transactions and the accounting equation
Assets, liabilities, capital, income and expenses
Debit and credit rules and the golden rules in simple form
Journal, ledger and trial balance
Lab
Record 15 transactions of a small tea shop on paper as journal entries, post them to ledgers and prepare a trial balance.
Homework
Classify 20 given items as asset, liability, income or expense and give a reason for each.
Deliverable
A paper journal, ledger and trial balance for the tea shop.
Weekly checkpoint
Quiz on classification and debit-credit rules, and a 10-entry journal task.
You will be able to
Explain the accounting equation and record transactions with correct debits and credits.
Week 2: Company and ledger setup in TallyPrime
Theory
Creating a company, financial year and basic features
Groups and ledgers: Sundry Debtors, Sundry Creditors, Bank, Cash, Sales, Purchases
Naming standards and opening balances
Backing up and restoring company data
Lab
Create a company for a Madurai stationery trader, add 20 ledgers under the right groups, enter opening balances so that the trial balance agrees and take a backup.
Homework
Redo the tea shop ledgers in TallyPrime and compare with the paper trial balance.
Deliverable
A company with ledgers, opening balances and a backup file.
Weekly checkpoint
Hands-on: create a company and 10 ledgers in 25 minutes; ledger-group matching questions.
You will be able to
Create a company, ledgers and groups in TallyPrime with sensible naming.
Vouchers and daily entries Weeks 3–4
Week 3: Payment, receipt, contra and journal vouchers
Theory
Voucher types and when to use each
Single-entry versus double-entry mode for payments
Narration and bill references
Cash book and bank book reports
Correcting and cancelling vouchers properly
Lab
Enter 30 vouchers for a week of the stationery trader: rent, salary advance, customer receipts, cash deposits to bank and an adjustment journal; review the cash book and daybook.
Homework
Find and correct three deliberately wrong vouchers prepared by the trainer.
Deliverable
A daybook and cash book for one week with a list of corrections made.
Weekly checkpoint
Match transactions to voucher types and a voucher-entry accuracy test.
You will be able to
Enter payment, receipt, contra, journal, sales and purchase vouchers accurately.
Week 4: Sales and purchase vouchers and outstanding bills
Theory
Sales and purchase vouchers in item invoice and accounting invoice modes
Party ledgers and bill-wise details
Receivables and payables: outstanding and ageing reports
Credit notes and debit notes for returns
Trial balance reading and error hunting
Lab
Record 10 credit sales and 8 credit purchases with bill references, record part payments against them, pass a sales return as a credit note and read the bill-wise outstanding report.
Homework
Write a short list of customers to remind for payment based on the ageing report.
Deliverable
Outstanding receivables and payables report with a reminder list.
Weekly checkpoint
Scenario questions on returns and part payments plus an outstanding report task.
You will be able to
Enter payment, receipt, contra, journal, sales and purchase vouchers accurately. Reconcile bank statements with the books and generate trial balance and basic financial reports.
GST and inventory Weeks 5–6
Week 5: GST in TallyPrime
Theory
What GST is: tax on supply with input credit, in simple terms
CGST, SGST and IGST: when each applies
GST ledgers, rates set up as examples and HSN/SAC fields
Tax invoice parts and place of supply
GST summary report and input credit set-off
Lab
Enable GST, set up CGST, SGST and IGST ledgers, issue invoices for one same-state customer and one other-state customer using example rates from a trainer's sheet and read the GST summary.
Homework
Check each invoice: GSTIN, place of supply, taxable value, tax split and total.
Deliverable
Three GST sales invoices, two purchase entries and a GST summary printout.
Weekly checkpoint
Invoice-reading questions and a practical GST invoice task.
You will be able to
Prepare GST sales and purchase invoices, and read the GST summary and input credit position.
Week 6: Inventory, godowns and stock reports
Theory
Stock groups, items and units of measure
Opening stock and valuation: weighted average and FIFO in simple terms
Purchase, sales and stock journal for adjustments
Godowns, batches and stock summary
Negative stock and how to avoid it
Lab
Create 15 stock items, enter purchases and sales in item invoice mode, transfer stock between two godowns and compare the stock summary with a physical count.
Homework
Write why one item shows negative stock and how you would fix it.
Deliverable
Stock summary, movement report and a physical verification sheet.
Weekly checkpoint
Stock valuation calculation and a stock-entry practical.
You will be able to
Maintain stock items, units and godowns and read stock summary reports.
Reconciliation and reports Weeks 7–8
Week 7: Bank reconciliation and vouchers review
Theory
Why books and bank differ: timing differences and missing entries
Using the reconciliation feature in TallyPrime
Cheque issued but not presented, deposits in transit, charges and interest
Preparing a reconciliation statement
Investigating unusual entries
Lab
Reconcile a simulated bank statement for the stationery trader, record the missing bank charges, mark cleared items in Tally and produce a reconciliation statement.
Homework
Explain each difference between the book and the statement in plain words.
Deliverable
A reconciliation statement with explanation notes.
Weekly checkpoint
Numeric reconciliation questions and a Tally reconciliation task.
You will be able to
Reconcile bank statements with the books and generate trial balance and basic financial reports.
Week 8: Financial reports and month-end capstone
Theory
Trial balance, profit and loss and balance sheet
Reading ratios: gross profit and net profit percentage
Month-end checklist
Exporting reports to Excel and sharing securely
Data privacy of customer and GSTIN details
Lab
Complete a capstone month for a given company: vouchers, GST invoices, stock, reconciliation and final reports; export to Excel and present findings in five minutes.
Homework
Write a half-page note explaining profit and cash position to a shop owner.
Deliverable
Capstone company file, report pack and a one-page owner summary.
Weekly checkpoint
Capstone assessment with a viva on three entries chosen by the examiner.
You will be able to
Reconcile bank statements with the books and generate trial balance and basic financial reports.
Sample lessons
Week 3
Double entry and the voucher
Every transaction has two sides. Something is received and something is given. Double entry records both, so total debits always equal total credits. In TallyPrime you enter each transaction as a voucher, such as Payment, Receipt, Sales or Journal, and Tally posts it to the correct ledgers. If you choose the wrong ledger or voucher type, reports will be wrong even though the voucher looks fine.
Transaction
Debit
Credit
Cash sale ₹2,000
Cash
Sales
Electricity paid ₹1,800
Electricity expense
Bank
Credit purchase ₹20,000
Purchases
Supplier
Customer pays ₹5,000
Bank
Customer
Step by step
Ask: what came in and what went out?
Choose the voucher type: Sales for a sale, Payment for money going out.
Select the correct ledgers and enter amounts and narration.
Check the posted effect in the ledger and the daybook.
Verify that the trial balance still balances.
In real life
A Madurai stationery shop sells notebooks worth ₹2,000 for cash. Cash increases (debit) and sales income increases (credit). The same voucher feeds the daybook, the cash ledger and the profit and loss account.
Worked example
Problem. The shop pays electricity bill ₹1,800 by bank transfer. Which accounts are debited and credited?
Solution. Debit Electricity Expense 1,800 because an expense is incurred; credit Bank 1,800 because the bank balance falls. Voucher type: Payment.
Common mistakes
Debiting the bank when money leaves it.
Using Journal for everyday cash and bank entries instead of Payment and Receipt.
Leaving narration empty so nobody can explain the entry later.
Try it yourself
Write the debit and credit for buying a computer for ₹40,000 by cheque.
Write the entry when a customer pays ₹5,000 against an earlier credit sale.
Week 7
Bank reconciliation step by step
The bank statement and your cash book rarely agree on the same date. Timing differences such as cheques issued but not yet presented, and deposits not yet credited, are normal. Items like bank charges or interest are in the bank but missing from your books. Reconciliation lists every difference, corrects your books for the real ones and explains the rest, so you know your true bank balance.
1Cash book balance
2Add/less items missing from books
3Adjusted book balance
4Add/less timing items
5Bank statement balance
Step by step
Tick each entry that appears in both the cash book and the statement.
List unticked cash book items: cheques not presented and deposits not credited.
List unticked statement items: charges, interest and direct credits not in your books.
Record the missing items in your books.
Confirm adjusted book balance matches the statement after timing differences.
In real life
A garment trader sees ₹84,500 in the books but the bank shows ₹86,250. Reconciliation finds a ₹6,000 cheque still with a supplier, a ₹4,000 deposit made after bank cut-off and ₹250 of charges not entered.
Worked example
Problem. Book balance ₹84,500; unpresented cheque ₹6,000; uncredited deposit ₹4,000; bank charges ₹250. Find the statement balance.
Treating timing differences as errors and changing the books.
Not recording bank charges and interest in the books.
Reconciling only the total without ticking individual entries.
Try it yourself
Reconcile a statement showing ₹52,000 when the books show ₹54,500 with two items in transit.
List three reasons a cheque you issued may not appear on the statement.
Try the questions
The same skills are asked at three levels: School (Classes 6–12), College and Professional. Switch the level and the language (English or Tamil), and say how sure you are before you check: knowing what you are unsure about is part of learning.
Classes 6–12: everyday examples, no prior knowledge. Practice only. Nothing here is graded or saved.
Question 1 / 4 · Accounting equation
Ravi's tea stall has assets worth ₹10,000. He owes ₹4,000 to a supplier. How much is Ravi's own money (capital) in the stall?
Projects
Month-End Books for a Retail Trader
A Madurai stationery trader gives you a month of invoices, bank statement lines and a stock list. Set up the company in TallyPrime, record all transactions with GST using trainer-given example rates, reconcile the bank and deliver the month-end reports with a short explanation for the owner.
Tasks
Create the company, groups, ledgers and stock items and enter opening balances.
Enter the month's sales, purchases, receipts and payments with bill references.
Check the GST summary and match tax split with invoices.
Reconcile the bank statement and explain every difference.
Export trial balance, profit and loss, balance sheet and stock summary and write an owner summary.
Sample input
Invoice 117: Sold 40 notebooks to Kavya Stores, Chennai, taxable value 8,000 + IGST at the example rate; Bank statement line: 12-Oct charges 250.
Expected output
A company file where the trial balance agrees, a GST summary that matches invoices, a bank reconciliation with zero unexplained difference and an owner summary of profit and receivables.
How it is assessed
Criterion
Weight
Correct vouchers and ledgers
25%
GST invoices and summary
20%
Inventory accuracy
15%
Bank reconciliation
20%
Reports and clear explanation
20%
Stretch challenge: Add a credit-limit policy for three customers based on the ageing report.
How you are assessed
Each week: eight questions (concept, calculation and invoice or ledger reading, one diagram question) plus a 40-minute TallyPrime task on given data.
Practical work. Learners enter vouchers, issue GST invoices, handle stock and reconcile a bank statement on unseen data; the trainer checks reports against an answer key.
What trainers look for
Weight
Accuracy of entries and reports
40%
Correct GST treatment
20%
Reconciliation and error finding
20%
Explanation and good practice
20%
Where this can lead
Prepares you for accounts-assistant and billing-operator tasks in small businesses.
Prepares you for further study in accounting software and GST compliance work.
These describe skills you will build. ADIVAS does not guarantee jobs, placement or salary.
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